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(1) Functions In wired communications, devices are connected using physical media like twisted pairs and optical fibers. In wireless communications, the transmission medium is electromagnetic waves. Data is transmitted in the form of current in network cables and routers. How to convert currents to electromagnetic waves that can be transmitted in the air? Here come antennas. Antennas are mainly used to radiate and receive electromagnetic waves and inter-convert currents and electromagnetic waves. (2) Antenna classification • By usage: communications, TV, and radar antennas • By operating band: short wave, super short wave, and microwave antennas • By directionality: omnidirectional and directional antennas (main classification) • By appearance: linear and panel antennas The omnidirectional antenna, as its name implies, provides a 360-degree horizontal radiation pattern. Featuring directivity, directional antennas provide better electromagnetic wave transmission and receiving in a certain direction. Omnidirectional antennas have a greater beamwidth while directional antennas cover a larger area. |
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