What is the packet forwarding rate of a switch?

Introduction to Packet Forwarding Rate:
Packet forwarding rate, abbreviated as PFR, is a standard used to measure the data forwarding capability of a switch. The unit is generally expressed in packets per second (pps). A higher value indicates a stronger ability to forward data packets and a higher level of the switch. The packet forwarding rate of a typical switch ranges from tens of Kpps to several hundred Mpps or even more.

Application scenarios and problem solving:
Packet forwarding is mainly to measure whether a switch can forward data without errors on ports under full load, also known as line-speed forwarding (the minimum rate without stuttering). Therefore, switches with line-speed forwarding have better hardware performance than switches without line-speed forwarding and provide a better user experience.
Currently, the packet forwarding rate, along with the backplane bandwidth (detailed explanation in the Encyclopedia of Tomorrow), is also often used by many customers as a benchmark for switch specifications and is included in bidding documents.

The problem is how to solve it.
Packet forwarding rate = number of Gigabit ports x1488Mpps + number of Fast Ethernet ports x 0.1488Mpps + number of other types of ports x corresponding calculation method. If this rate is less than the packet forwarding rate specified on the product's official website, the switch can achieve line-speed data exchange.
Example: Our RG-NBS2028G-E comes with 24 Gigabit Ethernet ports, 2 10 Gigabit Ethernet uplink ports, and 2 10 Gigabit optical uplink ports. Therefore, the Layer 2 packet forwarding rate is calculated as24*1.488Mpps + 2*1.488Mpps + 2*1.488Mpps = 41.664Mpps, which is slightly lower than the official specification of 42Mpps. However, this switch is still capable of line-speed forwarding and performs well. Please feel free to use it.