MSTP & VRRP solution
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Two common deployment patterns of MSTP+VRRP 1. MSTP with single instance: As figure shown below, SW1 is the root bridge for MSTP instance 0 to which all vlans are mapped and master VRRP gateway for all vlans. This deployment patterns of MSTP is almost the same to RSTP.
Merit： Easier maintenance and implementation Demerit：SW2 is the second root and backup VRRP gateway which doesn't forward any traffic .It is a waste of network resource.
2. MSTP with Multiple instances: As figure shown below, SW1 is the root bridge for MSTP instance 1 and secondary root for instance 2. SW2 is Root Bridge for MSTP instance 2 and secondary root for instance 1. MSTP instance 1 includes VLAN 10, 60 and 80 and instance 2 includes VLAN 20, 30 and 70. SW1 is the master VRRP gateway for VLAN 10, 60 and 80 and the backup VRRP gateway for VLAN 20, 30 and 70. SW2 is the master VRRP gateway for VLAN 20, 30 and 70 and the backup gateway for VLAN 10, 60 and 80.
Merit：Fully occupy network resource Demerit：More complicated configuration and maintenance than MSTP with single instance
Configuring MSTP with single instance
Note: The deployment pattern of "MSTP + VRRP" is replaced by deployment pattern of VSU day by day and we suggest you to apply VSU if possible. Even so, deployment pattern of "MSTP + VRRP" is still a fallback method to ensure a redundant and reliable network if core and distribution switches don't support VSU We suggest you to remove some interconnection links first to avoid a Layer 2 loop
I. Network Topology
SW1 is the master VRRP gateway for users on all vlans, and SW2 is the backup VRRP gateway for users on all vlans. Connect SW1 and SW2 through an Aggregate port to ensure reliability and configure this AP as Trunk port.
The IP address of SW1 on VLANs from 10 to 80 are 192.168.10.1 to 192.168.80.1 , and IP address of SW2 on VLANs from 10 to 80 are 192.168.10.2 to 192.168.80.2 , and VRRP IP address are 192.168.10.254 to 192.168.80.254.
II. Configuration Steps
Configuring SW1
(1) Configure MSTP Ruijie#config terminal Ruijie(config)#spanning-tree mst 0 priority 0 ------>instance id=0 , priority=0(The lower the number, the more likely the switch will be chosen as the root bridge) by default , all vlans are mapped to instance 0 . Ruijie(config)#spanning-tree ------>enable STP feature and the default STP mode is MSTP Ruijie(config)#exit
(2) Configuring AP Ruijie#config terminal Ruijie(config)#interface aggregateport 1 Ruijie(config-if-AggregatePort 1)#switchport mode trunk Ruijie(config-if-AggregatePort 1)#exit Ruijie(config)#interface tengigabitEthernet 3/1 Ruijie(config-if-TenGigabitEthernet 3/1)#port-group 1 Ruijie(config-if-TenGigabitEthernet 3/1)#exit Ruijie(config)#interface tengigabitEthernet 3/2 Ruijie(config-if-TenGigabitEthernet 3/2)#port-group 1 Ruijie(config-if-TenGigabitEthernet 3/2)#exit Ruijie(config)#interface range gigabitEthernet 1/1-5 Ruijie(config-if-range)#switchport mode trunk ----->don't forget to prune trunk port
(3) Configuring VRRP Ruijie(config)#vlan 10 Ruijie(config)#inter vlan 10 Ruijie(config-if-VLAN 10)#ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0 Ruijie(config-if-VLAN 10)#vrrp 10 ip 192.168.10.254 Ruijie(config-if-VLAN 10)#vrrp 10 priority 120 ------> vrrp group id=10 , priority value=120 (the bigger the number , the more likely the switch will be chosen as the master ,and default value is 100) Ruijie(config-if-VLAN 10)#exit Ruijie(config)#vlan 20 Ruijie(config)#inter vlan 20 Ruijie(config-if-VLAN 20)#ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0 Ruijie(config-if-VLAN 20)#vrrp 20 ip 192.168.20.254 Ruijie(config-if-VLAN 20)#vrrp 20 priority 120 Ruijie(config-if-VLAN 20)#exit ...........configuration of VLAN 30 ~ VLAN 70 are omitted............ Ruijie(config)#vlan 80 Ruijie(config)#inter vlan 80 Ruijie(config-if-VLAN 80)#ip address 192.168.80.1 255.255.255.0 Ruijie(config-if-VLAN 80)#vrrp 80 ip 192.168.80.254 Ruijie(config-if-VLAN 80)#vrrp 80 priority 120 Ruijie(config-if-VLAN 80)#exit
Configuring SW2 (1)Configure MST Ruijie#config terminal Ruijie(config)#spanning-tree mst 0 priority 4096 ------>instance id=0 , priority=4096(The lower the number, the more likely the switch will be chosen as the root bridge) by default , all vlans are mapped to instance 0 Ruijie(config)#spanning-tree ------>enable STP feature and default mode is MSTP Ruijie(config)#exit (2) Configuring AP Ruijie#config terminal Ruijie(config)#interface aggregateport 1 Ruijie(config-if-AggregatePort 1)#switchport mode trunk Ruijie(config-if-AggregatePort 1)#exit Ruijie(config)#interface tengigabitEthernet 3/1 Ruijie(config-if-TenGigabitEthernet 3/1)#port-group 1 Ruijie(config-if-TenGigabitEthernet 3/1)#exit Ruijie(config)#interface tengigabitEthernet 3/2 Ruijie(config-if-TenGigabitEthernet 3/2)#port-group 1 Ruijie(config-if-TenGigabitEthernet 3/2)#exit Ruijie(config)#interface range gigabitEthernet 1/1-5 Ruijie(config-if-range)#switchport mode trunk ----->don't forget to prune trunk port
(3) Configuring VRRP Ruijie(config)#vlan 10 Ruijie(config)#inter vlan 10 Ruijie(config-if-VLAN 10)#ip address 192.168.10.2 255.255.255.0 Ruijie(config-if-VLAN 10)#vrrp 10 ip 192.168.10.254 ------>vrrp group id=10 , priority value remains default setting(the bigger the number , the more likely the switch will be chosen as the master ,and default value is 100) Ruijie(config-if-VLAN 10)#exit Ruijie(config)#vlan 20 Ruijie(config)#inter vlan 20 Ruijie(config-if-VLAN 20)#ip address 192.168.20.2 255.255.255.0 Ruijie(config-if-VLAN 20)#vrrp 20 ip 192.168.20.254 Ruijie(config-if-VLAN 20)#exit ...........configuration of VLAN 30 ~ VLAN 70 are omitted............ Ruijie(config)#vlan 80 Ruijie(config)#inter vlan 80 Ruijie(config-if-VLAN 80)#ip address 192.168.80.2 255.255.255.0 Ruijie(config-if-VLAN 80)#vrrp 80 ip 192.168.80.254 Ruijie(config-if-VLAN 80)#exit
Configuring SW11，SW12，S13，S14，S15，S16 Ruijie#config terminal Ruijie(config)#interface range gigabitEthernet 0/25-26 Ruijie(config-if-range)#switchport mode trunk Ruijie(config-if-range)#exit Ruijie(config)#spanning-tree ------>enable STP feature and default mode is MSTP Ruijie(config)#exit
If we want to manully conduct MSTP to put G0/25 on SW11 and SW12 in forwarding state , we can assign a higher cost value to G0/26 , then MSTP blocks G0/26. (If a loop occurs, MST uses the path cost when selecting an interface to place into the forwarding state. A lower path cost represents higher-speed transmission)
Ruijie(config)#interface gi0/26 Ruijie(config-if-GiagaEthernet 0/26)#spanning-tree cost 200000 ------>the default value is derived from the media speed of the interface , and the cost value of an 1000M port is 20000 Ruijie(config-if-GiagaEthernet 0/26)#exit
Connectting cable and verifying status of STP and VRRP
Ruijie#show spanning-tree StpVersion : MSTP SysStpStatus : ENABLED MaxAge : 20 HelloTime : 2 ForwardDelay : 15 BridgeMaxAge : 20 BridgeHelloTime : 2 BridgeForwardDelay : 15 MaxHops: 20 TxHoldCount : 3 PathCostMethod : Long BPDUGuard : Disabled BPDUFilter : Disabled LoopGuardDef : Disabled ###### mst 0 vlans map : ALL BridgeAddr : 1414.4b19.ecc0 ------>local MAC address Priority: 0 TimeSinceTopologyChange : 12d:0h:19m:46s TopologyChanges : 0 DesignatedRoot : 0.1414.4b19.ecc0 ------>root MAC address RootCost : 0 RootPort : 0 CistRegionRoot : 0.1414.4b19.ecc0 CistPathCost : 0 |
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